Hálózat
A lap korábbi változatát látod, amilyen Admin (vitalap | szerkesztései) 2019. május 17., 09:25-kor történt szerkesztése után volt.
Tartalomjegyzék |
Switch beállítása
Alap beállítások, jelszavak meghatározása, host nevének beállítása.
Switch>ena Switch#conf term Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#enable password pass1 Switch(config)#enable secret pass2 Switch(config)#hostname telephely-1 telephely-1(config)#banner motd # Enter TEXT message. End with the character '#'. Beszerzes telephely switch Cisco2560 # telephely-1(config)# exit
IP cím beállítása 192.168.1.5/24-re:
telephely-1#conf term Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. telephely-1(config)#int telephely-1(config)#interface vlan1 telephely-1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.0 telephely-1(config-if)#no shutdown telephely-1(config-if)#exit
Konfiguráció mentése:
telephely-1>ena Password: telephely-1#copy run telephely-1#copy running-config startup-config Destination filename [startup-config]? Building configuration... [OK]
Konfiguráció mentése TFTP szerverre:
telephely-1#copy running-config tftp: Address or name of remote host []? 192.168.1.2 Destination filename [telephely-1-confg]? running-config....!! [OK - 1220 bytes] bytes copied in 3.016 secs (404 bytes/sec)
Gyakorlat
Router: 2801 NM-1FE-FX
Munkaállomások:
- 192.168.1.10/24, GW: 192.168.1.1
- 192.168.2.10/24, GW: 192.168.2.1
Switch> Switch>ena Switch#conf term Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#enable password pass1 Switch(config)#enable secret pass2 Switch(config)#banner motd # Enter TEXT message. End with the character '#'. Hello, ez a teszt router # Switch(config)#hostname router-1 router-1(config)#exit router-1(config)#exit
Press RETURN to get started.
Hello, ez a teszt router router-1>enable Password: <pass2>
router-1#sh int
FastEthernet0/1 is down, line protocol is down (disabled)
Hardware is Lance, address is 0060.3ee9.7601 (bia 0060.3ee9.7601)
BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 1000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
Half-duplex, 100Mb/s
input flow-control is off, output flow-control is off
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
Last input 00:00:08, output 00:00:05, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue :0/40 (size/max)
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
956 packets input, 193351 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 956 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
0 watchdog, 0 multicast, 0 pause input
0 input packets with dribble condition detected
2357 packets output, 263570 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 10 interface resets
0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred
0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
router-1#conf term Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. router-1(config)#int fa0/0 router-1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 router-1(config-if)#no shutdown router-1(config-if)#description A-Epulet router-1(config-if)#exit
router-1(config)#int fa0/1 router-1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 router-1(config-if)#no sh router-1(config-if)#description C-Epulet router-1(config-if)#exit
router-1(config)#exit router-1#sh ip int brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 192.168.1.1 YES manual up up FastEthernet0/1 192.168.2.1 YES manual up up Vlan1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down router-1#
(gép pingeljen)
router-1#conf term Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. router-1(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 FastEthernet0/0 router-1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 FastEthernet0/1 router-1(config-if)#exit
router-1>sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
Második rész
router-1>ena Password: router-1# sh run
router-1#copy run sta Destination filename [startup-config]? Building configuration... [OK]
router-1#reload Proceed with reload? [confirm]
router-1>ping 192.168.1.2 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds: ..... Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
router-1>ping 192.168.1.10 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds: .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 0/0/0 ms
Default Router
router-1>ena Password:
router-1#conf term Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. router-1(config)#int fa1/0 router-1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 router-1(config-if)#no sh router-1(config-if)#Description default route router-1(config-if)#exit
router-1#conf term Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. router-1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2
2801 NM-1FE-FX
Router>sh ip int brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol FastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down FastEthernet1/0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down Vlan1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Router>ena Router#conf term Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#int fa1/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no sh Router(config-if)#description ISP router Router(config-if)#exit
Eger pingeli a miskolci routert
Router#ping 10.0.0.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.0.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 0/0/1 ms
Router#conf term Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1 Router(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1
Router>ping 192.168.2.10 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.10, timeout is 2 seconds: .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 0/15/58 ms
Munkaállomásról pingeljük Miskolcot:
C:\>ping 10.0.0.2 Pinging 10.0.0.2 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=254 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=254 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=254 Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=254 Ping statistics for 10.0.0.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms
DHCP szerver
R1>ena R1#conf term R1(config)# ip dhcp pool NET-POOL R1(dhcp-config)# network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 R1(dhcp-config)# default-router 192.168.1.1 R1(dhcp-config)# dns-server 192.168.1.10 R1(dhcp-config)# domain-name uni-eszterhazy.hu R1(dhcp-config)# exit R1(config)# ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.1.1
Router>sh ip dhcp binding
IP address Client-ID/ Lease expiration Type
Hardware address
192.168.1.3 0001.96B7.CB54 -- Automatic
R1#conf term R1(config)# ip dhcp pool NET-POOL R1(dhcp-config)# network 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 R1(dhcp-config)# default-router 192.168.2.1 R1(dhcp-config)# dns-server 192.168.2.10 R1(dhcp-config)# domain-name uni-eszterhazy.hu R1(dhcp-config)# exit R1(config)# ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.2.1
Router>sh ip dhcp binding
IP address Client-ID/ Lease expiration Type
Hardware address
192.168.1.3 0001.96B7.CB54 -- Automatic
192.168.2.2 0001.427A.B2D0 -- Automatic
Type
Hardware address
192.168.1.3 0001.96B7.CB54 -- Automatic
RIP
Router>ena Router#conf term Router(config)#hostname R1 R1 (config)#int fa0/0 R1 (config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1 (config-if)#no sh R1 (config-if)#exit R1 (config)#int fa1/0 R1 (config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 R1 (config-if)#no sh R1 (config-if)#exit
Router>ena Router#conf term Router(config)#hostname R2 R2 (config)#int fa0/0 R2 (config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 R2 (config-if)#no sh R2 (config-if)#exit R2 (config)#int fa1/0 R2 (config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 R2 (config-if)#no sh R2 (config-if)#exit
Állítsuk be a DHCP szervereket!
R1#conf term R1(config)# ip dhcp pool NET-POOL R1(dhcp-config)# network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 R1(dhcp-config)# default-router 192.168.1.1 R1(dhcp-config)# dns-server 192.168.1.10 R1(dhcp-config)# domain-name uni-eszterhazy.hu R1(dhcp-config)# exit R1(config)# ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.1.1
R2#conf term R2(config)# ip dhcp pool NET-POOL R2(dhcp-config)# network 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 R2(dhcp-config)# default-router 192.168.2.1 R2(dhcp-config)# dns-server 192.168.1.10 R2(dhcp-config)# domain-name uni-eszterhazy.hu R2(dhcp-config)# exit R2(config)# ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.2.1
Próbáljuk meg pingelni 192.168.2.2-ről 192.168.2.1-et! Sajnos nem működik.
R1(config)#router rip R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 R1(config-router)# version 2
R2(config)#router rip R2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 R2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 R2(config-router)# version 2
Lássuk a routing táblát, látható, hogy RIP protokollon bekerült egy-egy újabb routing sor mindkét router esetében.
R1>sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:15, FastEthernet1/0
R2>sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.0.0.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 10.0.0.1, 00:00:29, FastEthernet1/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
Így pingelhető a másik munkaállomás:
C:\>ping 192.168.1.2 Pinging 192.168.1.2 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=126 Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=126 Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 192.168.1.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
